---
title: 前端组件
description: Build React components that render inside Twenty's UI with sandboxed isolation.
icon: window-maximize
---

前端组件是直接在 Twenty 的 UI 内渲染的 React 组件。 它们在使用 Remote DOM 的**隔离 Web Worker**中运行——你的代码在沙盒中执行，但会原生渲染到页面中，而非在 iframe 里。

## 前端组件可用位置

在 Twenty 中，前端组件可在两个位置进行渲染：

* **侧边栏** — 非无头的前端组件会在右侧侧边栏中打开。 当前端组件从命令菜单触发时，这是默认行为。
* **小部件（仪表盘和记录页面）** — 前端组件可以作为小部件嵌入页面布局中。 在配置仪表盘或记录页面布局时，用户可以添加前端组件小部件。

## 基础示例

最快体验前端组件运行方式的方法是将其注册为一个**命令**。 添加一个 `command` 字段并设置 `isPinned: true`，即可让它以快速操作按钮的形式出现在页面右上角——无需页面布局：

```tsx src/front-components/hello-world.tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';

const HelloWorld = () => {
  return (
    <div style={{ padding: '20px', fontFamily: 'sans-serif' }}>
      <h1>Hello from my app!</h1>
      <p>This component renders inside Twenty.</p>
    </div>
  );
};

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: '74c526eb-cb68-4cf7-b05c-0dd8c288d948',
  name: 'hello-world',
  description: 'A simple front component',
  component: HelloWorld,
  command: {
    universalIdentifier: 'd4e5f6a7-b8c9-0123-defa-456789012345',
    shortLabel: 'Hello',
    label: 'Hello World',
    icon: 'IconBolt',
    isPinned: true,
    availabilityType: 'GLOBAL',
  },
});
```

使用 `yarn twenty dev` 同步后（或单次运行 `yarn twenty dev --once`），快速操作会出现在页面右上角：

<div style={{textAlign: 'center'}}>
  <img src="/images/docs/developers/extends/apps/quick-action.png" alt="右上角的快速操作按钮" />
</div>

点击它以内联方式渲染该组件。

## 配置字段

| 字段                    | 必填 | 描述                                                                                  |
| --------------------- | -- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `universalIdentifier` | 是  | 该组件的稳定唯一 ID                                                                         |
| `component`           | 是  | 一个 React 组件函数                                                                       |
| `name`                | 否  | 显示名称                                                                                |
| `description`         | 否  | 组件的功能描述                                                                             |
| `isHeadless`          | 否  | Set to `true` if the component has no visible UI (see below)                        |
| `command`             | 否  | Register the component as a command (see [command options](#command-options) below) |

## Placing a front component on a page

Beyond commands, you can embed a front component directly into a record page by adding it as a widget in a **page layout**. See the [definePageLayout](/l/zh/developers/extend/apps/skills-and-agents#definepagelayout) section for details.

## 无头与非无头

前端组件有两种由 `isHeadless` 选项控制的渲染模式：

**非无头（默认）** — 该组件会渲染可见的 UI。 从命令菜单触发时，它会在侧边栏中打开。 当 `isHeadless` 为 `false` 或被省略时，这是默认行为。

**无头 (`isHeadless: true`)** — 该组件会在后台以不可见的方式挂载。 它不会打开侧边栏。 无头组件旨在用于执行逻辑后自行卸载的操作——例如运行异步任务、导航到某个页面或显示确认模态框。 它们与下文介绍的 SDK Command 组件天然契合。

```tsx src/front-components/sync-tracker.tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
import { useRecordId, enqueueSnackbar } from 'twenty-sdk/front-component';
import { useEffect } from 'react';

const SyncTracker = () => {
  const recordId = useRecordId();

  useEffect(() => {
    enqueueSnackbar({ message: `Tracking record ${recordId}`, variant: 'info' });
  }, [recordId]);

  return null;
};

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: '...',
  name: 'sync-tracker',
  description: 'Tracks record views silently',
  isHeadless: true,
  component: SyncTracker,
});
```

Because the component returns `null`, Twenty skips rendering a container for it — no empty space appears in the layout. The component still has access to all hooks and the host communication API.

## SDK Command 组件

`twenty-sdk` 包提供了四个为无头前端组件设计的 Command 辅助组件。 每个组件都会在挂载时执行一个操作，通过显示 snackbar 通知来处理错误，并在完成后自动卸载该前端组件。

从 `twenty-sdk/command` 导入它们：

* **`Command`** — 通过 `execute` 属性运行异步回调。
* **`CommandLink`** — 导航到某个应用路径。 属性：`to`、`params`、`queryParams`、`options`。
* **`CommandModal`** — 打开一个确认模态框。 如果用户确认，则执行 `execute` 回调。 属性：`title`、`subtitle`、`execute`、`confirmButtonText`、`confirmButtonAccent`。
* **`CommandOpenSidePanelPage`** — 打开特定的侧边栏页面。 属性：`page`、`pageTitle`、`pageIcon`。

下面是一个完整示例：无头前端组件使用 `Command` 从命令菜单运行一个操作：

```tsx src/front-components/run-action.tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
import { Command } from 'twenty-sdk/command';
import { CoreApiClient } from 'twenty-sdk/clients';

const RunAction = () => {
  const execute = async () => {
    const client = new CoreApiClient();

    await client.mutation({
      createTask: {
        __args: { data: { title: 'Created by my app' } },
        id: true,
      },
    });
  };

  return <Command execute={execute} />;
};

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: 'e5f6a7b8-c9d0-1234-efab-345678901234',
  name: 'run-action',
  description: 'Creates a task from the command menu',
  component: RunAction,
  isHeadless: true,
  command: {
    universalIdentifier: 'f6a7b8c9-d0e1-2345-fabc-456789012345',
    label: 'Run my action',
    icon: 'IconPlayerPlay',
  },
});
```

另一个示例：使用 `CommandModal` 在执行前请求确认：

```tsx src/front-components/delete-draft.tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
import { CommandModal } from 'twenty-sdk/command';

const DeleteDraft = () => {
  const execute = async () => {
    // perform the deletion
  };

  return (
    <CommandModal
      title="Delete draft?"
      subtitle="This action cannot be undone."
      execute={execute}
      confirmButtonText="Delete"
      confirmButtonAccent="danger"
    />
  );
};

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: 'a7b8c9d0-e1f2-3456-abcd-567890123456',
  name: 'delete-draft',
  description: 'Deletes a draft with confirmation',
  component: DeleteDraft,
  isHeadless: true,
  command: {
    universalIdentifier: 'b8c9d0e1-f2a3-4567-bcde-678901234567',
    label: 'Delete draft',
    icon: 'IconTrash',
  },
});
```

## Accessing runtime context

Inside your component, use SDK hooks to access the current user, record, and component instance:

```tsx src/front-components/record-info.tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
import {
  useUserId,
  useRecordId,
  useFrontComponentId,
} from 'twenty-sdk/front-component';

const RecordInfo = () => {
  const userId = useUserId();
  const recordId = useRecordId();
  const componentId = useFrontComponentId();

  return (
    <div>
      <p>User: {userId}</p>
      <p>Record: {recordId ?? 'No record context'}</p>
      <p>Component: {componentId}</p>
    </div>
  );
};

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: 'b2c3d4e5-f6a7-8901-bcde-f23456789012',
  name: 'record-info',
  component: RecordInfo,
});
```

Available hooks:

| 钩子                                            | Returns            | 描述                                                         |
| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| `useUserId()`                                 | `string` or `null` | The current user's ID                                      |
| `useRecordId()`                               | `string` or `null` | The current record's ID (when placed on a record page)     |
| `useFrontComponentId()`                       | `string`           | This component instance's ID                               |
| `useFrontComponentExecutionContext(selector)` | 因情况而异              | Access the full execution context with a selector function |

## Host communication API

Front components can trigger navigation, modals, and notifications using functions from `twenty-sdk`:

| 函数                                              | 描述                            |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| `navigate(to, params?, queryParams?, options?)` | Navigate to a page in the app |
| `openSidePanelPage(params)`                     | Open a side panel             |
| `closeSidePanel()`                              | 关闭侧边栏                         |
| `openCommandConfirmationModal(params)`          | Show a confirmation dialog    |
| `enqueueSnackbar(params)`                       | Show a toast notification     |
| `unmountFrontComponent()`                       | Unmount the component         |
| `updateProgress(progress)`                      | Update a progress indicator   |

下面是一个示例，使用宿主 API 在操作完成后显示一条 snackbar 并关闭侧边栏：

```tsx src/front-components/archive-record.tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
import { useRecordId } from 'twenty-sdk/front-component';
import { enqueueSnackbar, closeSidePanel } from 'twenty-sdk/front-component';
import { CoreApiClient } from 'twenty-sdk/clients';

const ArchiveRecord = () => {
  const recordId = useRecordId();

  const handleArchive = async () => {
    const client = new CoreApiClient();

    await client.mutation({
      updateTask: {
        __args: { id: recordId, data: { status: 'ARCHIVED' } },
        id: true,
      },
    });

    await enqueueSnackbar({
      message: 'Record archived',
      variant: 'success',
    });

    await closeSidePanel();
  };

  return (
    <div style={{ padding: '20px' }}>
      <p>Archive this record?</p>
      <button onClick={handleArchive}>Archive</button>
    </div>
  );
};

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: 'c9d0e1f2-a3b4-5678-cdef-789012345678',
  name: 'archive-record',
  description: 'Archives the current record',
  component: ArchiveRecord,
});
```

## Command options

Adding a `command` field to `defineFrontComponent` registers the component in the command menu (Cmd+K). If `isPinned` is `true`, it also appears as a quick-action button in the top-right corner of the page.

| 字段                                      | 必填 | 描述                                                                                                                                                                             |
| --------------------------------------- | -- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `universalIdentifier`                   | 是  | Stable unique ID for the command                                                                                                                                               |
| `label`                                 | 是  | Full label shown in the command menu (Cmd+K)                                                                                                                                   |
| `shortLabel`                            | 否  | Shorter label displayed on the pinned quick-action button                                                                                                                      |
| `icon`                                  | 否  | Icon name displayed next to the label (e.g. `'IconBolt'`, `'IconSend'`)                                                                                                        |
| `isPinned`                              | 否  | When `true`, shows the command as a quick-action button in the top-right corner of the page                                                                                    |
| `availabilityType`                      | 否  | Controls where the command appears: `'GLOBAL'` (always available), `'RECORD_SELECTION'` (only when records are selected), or `'FALLBACK'` (shown when no other commands match) |
| `availabilityObjectUniversalIdentifier` | 否  | Restrict the command to pages of a specific object type (e.g. only on Company records)                                                                                         |
| `conditionalAvailabilityExpression`     | 否  | A boolean expression to dynamically control whether the command is visible (see below)                                                                                         |

## Conditional availability expressions

The `conditionalAvailabilityExpression` field lets you control when a command is visible based on the current page context. Import typed variables and operators from `twenty-sdk` to build expressions:

```tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
import {
  pageType,
  numberOfSelectedRecords,
  objectPermissions,
  everyEquals,
  isDefined,
} from 'twenty-sdk/front-component';

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: '...',
  name: 'bulk-action',
  component: BulkAction,
  command: {
    universalIdentifier: '...',
    label: 'Bulk Update',
    availabilityType: 'RECORD_SELECTION',
    conditionalAvailabilityExpression: everyEquals(
      objectPermissions,
      'canUpdateObjectRecords',
      true,
    ),
  },
});
```

**Context variables** — these represent the current state of the page:

| 变量                             | 类型        | 描述                                                               |
| ------------------------------ | --------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `pageType`                     | `string`  | Current page type (e.g. `'RecordIndexPage'`, `'RecordShowPage'`) |
| `isInSidePanel`                | `boolean` | Whether the component is rendered in a side panel                |
| `numberOfSelectedRecords`      | `number`  | Number of currently selected records                             |
| `isSelectAll`                  | `boolean` | Whether "select all" is active                                   |
| `selectedRecords`              | `array`   | The selected record objects                                      |
| `favoriteRecordIds`            | `array`   | IDs of favorited records                                         |
| `objectPermissions`            | `object`  | Permissions for the current object type                          |
| `targetObjectReadPermissions`  | `object`  | Read permissions for the target object                           |
| `targetObjectWritePermissions` | `object`  | Write permissions for the target object                          |
| `featureFlags`                 | `object`  | Active feature flags                                             |
| `objectMetadataItem`           | `object`  | Metadata of the current object type                              |
| `hasAnySoftDeleteFilterOnView` | `boolean` | Whether the current view has a soft-delete filter                |

**Operators** — combine variables into boolean expressions:

| Operator                            | 描述                                                                |
| ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `isDefined(value)`                  | `true` if the value is not null/undefined                         |
| `isNonEmptyString(value)`           | `true` if the value is a non-empty string                         |
| `includes(array, value)`            | `true` if the array contains the value                            |
| `includesEvery(array, prop, value)` | `true` if every item's property includes the value                |
| `every(array, prop)`                | `true` if the property is truthy on every item                    |
| `everyDefined(array, prop)`         | `true` if the property is defined on every item                   |
| `everyEquals(array, prop, value)`   | `true` if the property equals the value on every item             |
| `some(array, prop)`                 | `true` if the property is truthy on at least one item             |
| `someDefined(array, prop)`          | `true` if the property is defined on at least one item            |
| `someEquals(array, prop, value)`    | `true` if the property equals the value on at least one item      |
| `someNonEmptyString(array, prop)`   | `true` if the property is a non-empty string on at least one item |
| `none(array, prop)`                 | `true` if the property is falsy on every item                     |
| `noneDefined(array, prop)`          | `true` if the property is undefined on every item                 |
| `noneEquals(array, prop, value)`    | `true` if the property does not equal the value on any item       |

## Public assets

Front components can access files from the app's `public/` directory using `getPublicAssetUrl`:

```tsx
import { defineFrontComponent, getPublicAssetUrl } from 'twenty-sdk/define';

const Logo = () => <img src={getPublicAssetUrl('logo.png')} alt="Logo" />;

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: '...',
  name: 'logo',
  component: Logo,
});
```

See the [public assets section](/l/zh/developers/extend/apps/cli-and-testing#public-assets-public-folder) for details.

## 样式

Front components support multiple styling approaches. You can use:

* **Inline styles** — `style={{ color: 'red' }}`
* **Twenty UI components** — import from `twenty-sdk/ui` (Button, Tag, Status, Chip, Avatar, and more)
* **Emotion** — CSS-in-JS with `@emotion/react`
* **Styled-components** — `styled.div` patterns
* **Tailwind CSS** — utility classes
* **Any CSS-in-JS library** compatible with React

```tsx
import { defineFrontComponent } from 'twenty-sdk/define';
import { Button, Tag, Status } from 'twenty-sdk/ui';

const StyledWidget = () => {
  return (
    <div style={{ padding: '16px', display: 'flex', gap: '8px' }}>
      <Button title="Click me" onClick={() => alert('Clicked!')} />
      <Tag text="Active" color="green" />
      <Status color="green" text="Online" />
    </div>
  );
};

export default defineFrontComponent({
  universalIdentifier: 'e5f6a7b8-c9d0-1234-efab-567890123456',
  name: 'styled-widget',
  component: StyledWidget,
});
```
