Add ClickHouse-backed metered credit cap enforcement (#19586)

## Summary
Implements a ClickHouse-backed polling system to enforce metered-credit
caps for workflow executions, replacing reliance on Stripe billing
alerts. The system re-evaluates tier caps against live pricing on every
poll cycle, allowing price/tier changes to propagate immediately without
recreating Stripe alert objects.

## Key Changes

- **BillingUsageCapService**: New service that queries ClickHouse for
current-period credit usage and evaluates whether a subscription has
reached its metered-credit allowance (tier cap + credit balance)
  - `isClickHouseEnabled()`: Checks if ClickHouse is configured
- `getCurrentPeriodCreditsUsed()`: Sums creditsUsedMicro from usageEvent
table for a workspace within a billing period
- `evaluateCap()`: Determines if usage has reached the allowance by
reading live pricing from the subscription

- **EnforceUsageCapJob**: Cron job that polls all active subscriptions
and updates `hasReachedCurrentPeriodCap` on metered items
  - Runs every 2 minutes to keep cap enforcement in sync with live usage
- Supports shadow mode (log-only) via
`BILLING_USAGE_CAP_CLICKHOUSE_ENABLED` flag for safe rollout
- Continues processing after per-subscription errors with detailed
logging

- **EnforceUsageCapCronCommand**: CLI command to register the
enforcement cron job

- **MeteredCreditService**: Extracted
`extractMeteredPricingInfoFromSubscription()` as a pure function for
callers that already hold the subscription with pricing loaded, avoiding
redundant DB queries

- **Configuration**: Added `BILLING_USAGE_CAP_CLICKHOUSE_ENABLED` flag
to control enforcement mode (active vs. shadow)

- **Constants**: Added `METERED_OPERATION_TYPES` to define which
operation types count toward the metered product's credit cap

## Implementation Details

- The service queries ClickHouse for the sum of `creditsUsedMicro` in
the current billing period, matching Stripe meter semantics
- Pricing is re-read on every evaluation, so tier changes propagate
within one poll cycle without Stripe alert recreation
- The cron job only updates the database when the cap state actually
changes (no-op if already in the correct state)
- Shadow mode allows safe validation before enabling enforcement;
transitions are logged but not persisted
- Comprehensive test coverage for both the service and cron job,
including error handling and state transitions

https://claude.ai/code/session_01VksTSrYLXJVCPVBQhQdBTe

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

packages/twenty-server/src/database/commands/upgrade-version-command/instance-commands.constant.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { AddPermissionFlagRoleIdIndexFastInstanceCommand } from 'src/database/co
 import { AddWorkspaceIdToIndirectEntitiesFastInstanceCommand } from 'src/database/commands/upgrade-version-command/1-22/1-22-instance-command-fast-1775758621017-add-workspace-id-to-indirect-entities';
 import { AddWorkspaceIdIndexesAndFksFastInstanceCommand } from 'src/database/commands/upgrade-version-command/1-22/1-22-instance-command-fast-1775761294897-add-workspace-id-indexes-and-fks-to-indirect-entities';
 import { DropObjectMetadataDataSourceFkFastInstanceCommand } from 'src/database/commands/upgrade-version-command/1-22/1-22-instance-command-fast-1775804361516-drop-object-metadata-data-source-fk';
+import { AddCreditBalanceToBillingCustomerFastInstanceCommand } from 'src/database/commands/upgrade-version-command/1-22/1-22-instance-command-fast-1776078919203-add-credit-balance-to-billing-customer';
 import { BackfillWorkspaceIdOnIndirectEntitiesSlowInstanceCommand } from 'src/database/commands/upgrade-version-command/1-22/1-22-instance-command-slow-1775758621018-backfill-workspace-id-on-indirect-entities';
 import { DropWorkspaceVersionColumnFastInstanceCommand } from 'src/database/commands/upgrade-version-command/1-23/1-23-instance-command-fast-1785000000000-drop-workspace-version-column';
 
@@ -19,5 +20,6 @@ export const INSTANCE_COMMANDS = [
   BackfillWorkspaceIdOnIndirectEntitiesSlowInstanceCommand,
   AddWorkspaceIdIndexesAndFksFastInstanceCommand,
   DropObjectMetadataDataSourceFkFastInstanceCommand,
+  AddCreditBalanceToBillingCustomerFastInstanceCommand,
   DropWorkspaceVersionColumnFastInstanceCommand,
 ];